My Life :: essays research papers

To be given the chance to play little league was one of the greatest times of my life. I played little league for four years, and every year I made the all-star team. My best friend and I played on every regular season team and every all-star team together. The final game of our career was unforgettable. It had been 4 years of great enjoyment with my best friend, Cody Smith. We always clowned around in practice, but when the game would start we had a high intensity. Cody would pitch, and I would play second base. When he wasn’t pitching, I would, and he would play third base. We were the top players in little league, or so we thought. Our all-star team had made it to the championship of our state tournament. Before our team took the field our coach John Zamouski gave us a talk. He said, â€Å"Well men, we’ve came a long way. Today’s the day we’ve all practiced so hard for, but I want to have fun with it. Lets treat this like every other game we have won. You’re all winners, win or lose. I want you all to know that I feel privileged to have coached such a fine bunch of men. So lets go out and play this game as hard as you can. What do you say, lets go have FUN.† We all got up and yelled, â€Å"YEA.† â€Å"Let’s play hard.† â€Å"Yea† As we all got more pumped up. â€Å"Who are we?† â€Å"N.I.† As we got more loud and more intense. Coach said, â€Å"Bring it in. Win on 3. One, two, three† as we all yelled together â€Å"WIN.† As I ran on to that field I recalled all the practicing I had done, and I knew I owed most of it to my father. He started me throwing and hitting when I was about four-years-old. As my passion grew more and more I wanted to go practice all the time. So I would ask my father to practice with me. Even though my father was tired or in the middle of a good TV show he would practice with me. I remembered my father sitting on an old milk crate while I pitched to him. This made me chuckle a little because I would throw a low wild pitch on accident that would hit him in the legs, but he kept positive. Cody was pitching a 3 hitter and I was playing well too. The score kept going back and forth. There were a lot of errors because the field was all dirt and

Jaws: An analysis of the suspense techniques used in the film and the effects that they had upon the audience

Lay back and imagine, you are on a beach; the sun currents lightly burn you skin. You are in captivating and enchanting surrounding like laughter from young and old. You go into the calming blue ocean, in the thought that you are going to have a pleasant and moderate swim. But could there be a huge blood-hungry shark in the water? Could it have heard the vibrations of your movement and is now coming to consume you? This was indeed what happened in the film ‘Jaws'. In this essay, I will be examining the suspense techniques used in the film and the intended effect upon the audience – what makes Jaws scary? The unique film Jaws was made in the year 1975and directed by Steven Spielberg, who was only twenty seven at the time. The film is based upon Peter Benchley's No1 bestseller and he also wrote the screenplay. Jaws broke all box office records to become the biggest box office hit of it's time. It grossed an amazing sum of $260.000.000. The two scenes I am going to focus on from the film are the opening scene where Chrissie is attacked and the following scene where Alex is attacked. Jaws is set in the small town of Amity Island on the coast of Florida. Firstly, I am going to analyze what happens in the opening scene of the play. At the start of the scene there is a young people's party on the beach. The director uses panoramic shot of the shark then uses a panning shot of the young people at the party. He uses these techniques to create tense and suspense, makes us think about who is going to be attacked; who is the victim of this inevitable horror? Another technique used at the start of the party on the beach is laughter and soft music to relax us, but never-the-less we hear sound of waves in the background to remind us of the shark. Suddenly a woman leaves her boy friend on the beach and goes swimming. We are shown a shot of her swimming in the moonlight. The kind of shot used is a Long Shot. The director uses this to show the darkness surrounding her, this makes us makes us nervous and expectant of something horrible to happen. There is darkness in the background throughout the scene because it creates a sense of mystery. As the shark starts to move in for the kill, the music used changes from soft music to the shark's signature tune. This is done so as to increase the tense of the moment. When the shark attacks, the girls is shown in a P.O.V shot from below. The shark then carries the girl in its mouth. This is made to look like a kid having some harmless fun. The intended effect upon the audience is to make it seem a bit less horrible. In the background we hear Jaws signature tune which is increasing tremendously. This is done to increase the tense further. In the middle of the attack the shark suddenly stops, and the girl clings to the buoy as a nerve-racking silence takes over the scene. This creates a feeling of suspense – what is going to happen next? Soon the shark attacks again and finishes her off in a rather quick and painless manner. At the end of the scene we are given a panoramic shot of the beach. All we hear is the sound of waves, and young people talking. I think that the director does this because he wants to end the scene the way he started it, suggesting nothing has happened. This has the effect of making us feel more relaxed. I think that this opening scene is particularly good in building suspense because he uses different types of techniques such as awkward silences and blindness. I now plan to the suspense techniques that Steven Spielberg uses in the scene where a little boy called Alex is seized by the shark. At the start of the scene the camera moves between shots of Chief Brody and the beach. This is done to show us the beach from Brody's eyes (P.O.V shot), and then show his reaction of what is seen. Furthermore we see a black dog playing with its master. The colour black is used to symbolise funeral and death. This tells the audience that the dog could be the victim to the massive messenger of death. A pet dog is used because people will be more likely to have sympathy for a cute Labrador rather than a Pitbull etc. When we see Alex for the first time he asks his mother if he can swim in the water for longer. In response his mother lets him swim an extra five minutes. This makes us think that he is going to be the next victim. Alex is shown with a yellow lilo, which is used to represent light, life, joy etc. We are then shown two good examples of false alarm. The first of these is when we see the shape of the shark in the water, which is actually the hat of a man. Spielberg uses the camera to increase the tension by showing us Chief Brody looking at the ocean. He also has the man coming out of the water in a very slow manner. The other example is when a young lady gets lifted up from the water from below, screaming, with her legs astride. This makes us think that the girl is being attacked by the shark. However, we find the girl is being lifted by her boyfriend. After a set of false alarms, we start to sense some false comfort, but this quickly turns into fear as we are shown the dogs stick flowing in the water with the dog nowhere in sight. Immediately after this we see the shark's eye-view of the boy's legs from below, and the music changes to jaws signature tune, the effect of this is that we know that the boy is, Alex, is going to be attacked. The director, Steven Spielberg, personifies the shark cleverly. The director makes the shark deliberately go past all the people in the water and directly go to the poor little boy – this makes the shark look evil†¦ a human quality. After the attack, the camera is used to show the chaos and fear from the people at the beach. This is intended to make us sense the fear the people on the people on the beach are experiencing. The music also changes from Jaws music to series of chaotic sounds. This is done to increase the panic of the sound. We are then shown the boy's mother on her own on the beach as the other people create a distance from the water, with their children held tightly. Only Alex's mother is missing her child. The kind of shot used here is a long shot. The all music and sound stop so as to make us focus on the mother. Finally, we are shown the punctured lilo being washed up on the shore. It is covered in the boy's blood, which suggests that the life and light has been destroyed by darkness and death. I now hope that your imagination has been satisfied with loads of images from the creative but scary film Jaws. In this essay, I have tried to look in dept the techniques used to make this film spectacularly unique film of its time. Spielberg has made Jaws a wonderfully scary film by taking the suspense techniques to the next step – he uses camera shots and sound to build up suspense e.g. Jaws signature tune. I would recommend this film to people of all ages including my own because this film is one of few films that have taken suspense techniques to the next level. So, next time you go to the beach, will you only be concerned about swimming and pleasure? Or will you be concerned about deadly horrors that might lie beneath the beauty of the water, in the depths of the ocean? The only advice I can give is to watch the film and treat it only as a film, for it is not real. Otherwise, we might risk never going into the waters again!

Helping Chinese Consumers Essay

QuarkMan Technology was founded in 2012 by David Yuan. As the Chinese domestic consumption continues to grow at a rapid speed, consumers need a reliable source for independent and impartial review of products to find the quality and functionality. The mission of the company is one of â€Å"unveiling products’ essence in an independent, professional, and powerful way.† The two core principles are â€Å"Independence† and â€Å"Fairness†. QuarkMan has set up two business units, Information Advisory and Media. The reports and data obtained by the testing of products are handled by the Information Advisory unit and the Media unit takes this information and displays it in a user friendly way so that consumers can make educated decisions. QuarkMan Media is further divided into Jancr which is the consumer goods testing division and China Consumer Report which is the communication division responsible for settling disputes between the consumer and manufacturer. SWOT ANALYSIS for QuarkMan Strengths Manages their own lab and return team Strong relationship with third party labs and research institution labs State of the art testing lab with 400 pieces of equipment and 3000 square meters External expert network from numerous industries In-house lab is a stand-along profitable business unit which finances the media unit Weaknesses Hard for an independent and fair media company to be profitable in China In order to remain independent, advertisements on their website is not an option Majority of the testing resources are owned by the government affiliated consumer associations, industry associations and government research institutes A big chunk of the capacity has a very low utilization rate Takes 2-3 weeks for QuarkMan to deliver one product review and others longer QuarkMan struggling with capacity issues Opportunities No mature player conducting comparative tests and analysis across different industries The third party testing market was controlled by the government but has now become a huge and rapidly growing market QuarkMan currently handling six product categories but have the opportunity to handle more Exhibit 4 – Private only handles 10% of the current market share Threats Private sector is growing at a CAGR of 25% Speed is a key factor for the high growth rate New players in the market have gained decent traffic from more frequent content releases Exhibit 4 – Foreign markets only handle 25% of the current market share Problem/Decision Statement How can QuarkMan influence consumer perception of their brand and business values and thus gain their trust and business? Identification of Alternatives Consider advertisements as a revenue stream with the use of a 3rd party to manage the sale and pay a portion back to QuarkMan so independency and objectivity is upheld. Use these funds to mark the business philosophy of QuarkMan to gain additional market share. Obtain additional financing through other interested parties and use revenues to promote the business model and use additional financing funds to expand testing resources and improve turnaround time and reach more consumers Critical Issues Impact on current and potential consumers and their ability to trust QuarkMan if they attempt to raise revenue revenues through advertising The use of a 3rd party to manage advertisement while increasing revenue and the effects on their ability to stay independent and transparent to the consumer Significant lead time to bring products to market and the limit number of product reviews that can be completed times. The use of a 3rd party to manage advertising would directly go against the company’s core principles of Independence and fairness thus leading to more mistrust. Analysis Consider advertisements as a revenue stream with the use of a 3rd party to manage the sale and pay a portion back to QuarkMan so independency and objectivity is upheld. Use these funds to mark the business philosophy of QuarkMan to gain additional market share. The current market has a distrust of the industry because of the lack of transparency and the blurred lines between the agency reviewing the produce and the product manufactures. The current Chinese consumer agency is not transparent and the government plays such a significant role in the reviews because of this the consumers do not trust any consumer reports. QuarkMan’s guiding principles of independence and fairness will be viewed as conflicting with any advertisement from a manufacturing. This conflict will add to more doubt from their consumers. Obtain additional financing through other interested parties and use revenues to promote the business model and use additional financing funds to expand testing resources and improve turnaround time and reach more consumers This alternative would allow for additional revenues while not compromising their independence and fairness. QuarkMan can continue to market their product and services through current media channels and bring awareness to their strong brand name and transparency while setting them apart from the current competition. This will help to generate long term customer loyalty. Additional revenues can strengthen their 3rd party testing environment and help to reduce the lead times and number of products able to be reviewed at one time. They can further expand the types of products they review and be able to reach more potential customers. Recommendation The recommendation based on the entire analysis would be to obtain additional financing through other interested parties and use revenues to promote the business model and expand testing resources to improve turnaround time and reach more consumers. This alternative would allow for additional revenues while not compromising their independence and fairness. QuarkMan can continue to market their product and services through current media channels and bring awareness to their strong brand name and transparency while setting them apart from the current competition. This will help to generate long term customer loyalty. Additional revenues can strengthen their 3rd party testing environment and help to reduce the lead times and number of products able to be reviewed at one time. They can further expand the types of products they review and be able to reach more potential customers.

Example Report

BEE3133 Electrical Power Systems Distribution System: Radial and Ring Distribution Laboratory 1 Fathimah binti Abdul Halim EA09089 Faculty of Electric and Electrical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Email: [email  protected] com Introduction Generally, distribution system is part of power systems which distributes power to the consumers for utilization. That distribution system is the electrical system between the sub-station fed by the transmission system and the consumer meters. The distribution systems consist of feeders, distributors and service mains.A feeder is a conductor which connects the sub-station (or localised generating station) to the area where power is to be distributed. Basically no tappings are taken from the feeder so that current in it remains the same throughout. A distributor is a conductor from which tappings are taken for supply to the consumers. The current through a distributor is not constant because tappings are taken at various places along its l ength. A service main is generally a small cable which connects the distributor to the consumer’s terminals. In practice, the radial system and ring main system are used. Experiment 1: Radial Distribution SystemIntroduction Electricity suppliers normally use radial distribution in rural areas where the load is randomly distributed, separated by areas with little or no habitation, and back up supplies are normally not available. The length of feeder is typically limited to 500m or less. In the radial distribution system, feeders supplying the consumers are all fed from a central point (the substation) as shown in Figure 1. There is no looping of the feeders. Figure 1: Radial System of Feeders Objective To demonstrate the principles of the commonly used radial system for low voltage distribution networks. Schematic Diagrams:Figure 2: Schematic diagram for Experiment 1 Procedure A Figure 3: Schematic Diagram for Experiment 1 Procedure B Figure 4: Schematic Diagram for Experiment 1 Procedure C Results for Procedure A: Table 1: Lamp Voltages Load| Voltage| Lamp 1| 23. 0V| Lamp 2| 18. 0V| Lamp 3| 14. 0V| Lamp 4| 11. 0V| Lamp 5| 9. 0V| Lamp 6| 8. 0V| Results for Procedure B: Table 2: Results for Procedure B Circuit Number| Lamp| Feeder| | Measured Voltage| Measured Current| Voltage Drop| 1| 22. 0V| 0. 048A| 6. 0V| 2| 17. 0v| 0. 055A| 12. 0V| 3| 13. 0V| 0. 060A| 15. 0V| 4| 10. 0V| 0. 062A| 18. 0V| 5| 9. 0V| 0. 061A| 20. 0V| 6| 8. 0V| 0. 060A| 21. 0V|Table 3: Calculated and Measured Resistor Currents and Voltages Resistor Number| Calculated Current| Calculated Voltage Drop| Measured Voltage Drop| Error| 1| 0. 846A| 8. 0V| 6. 0V| 25. 00%| 2| 0. 654A| 13. 0V| 12. 0V| 7. 69%| 3| 0. 500A| 17. 0V| 15. 0V| 11. 76%| 4| 0. 385A| 20. 0V| 18. 0V| 10. 00%| 5| 0. 346A| 21. 0V| 20. 0V| 4. 76%| 6| 0. 308A| 22. 0V| 21. 0V| 4. 55%| Table 4: Lamp Voltages Lamp number| Calculated voltage| Measured voltage| Error| 1| 22. 00V| 22. 0V| 0%| 2| 17. 00V| 17. 0V| 0%| 3| 13. 00V| 13. 0V| 0%| 4| 10. 01V| 10. 0V| 0. 10%| 5| 9. 00V| 9. 0V| 0%| 6| 8. 01V| 8. 0V| 0. 12%| Results for Procedure C:Table 5: Separate Feeders CircuitNumber| Lamp| Feeder| | Measured Voltage| Measured Current| Voltage Drop| 1| 28. 0V| 0. 067A| 1. 0V| 2| 26. 0V| 0. 066A| 3. 0V| 3| 25. 0V| 0. 061A| 4. 0V| 4| 24. 0V| 0. 061A| 6. 0V| 5| 22. 0V| 0. 059A| 7. 0V| 6| 21. 0V| 0. 057A| 8. 0V| Discussion: The voltage across each lamp in procedure A, decreased as well as the brightness of the lamps due to the increase in the distance of the lamps from power supply. As the current passes through a longer distance, more the value of voltage is â€Å"lost† (unavailable to the load), due to the voltage drop developed across the resistance of the conductor.In the procedure B, value of current, voltage and voltage drop are calculated and measured. The kirchoff’s Law is used to calculate the value of calculated current. In table 3, the values of calculated and measured voltage for voltage drop are d ifferent from one another since the value of measured voltage drop and calculated voltage drop increased as the distance of the lamps from power supply increased. In table 4, the values of measured and calculated voltage are not much difference from each other.When the distance of the lamps from source increased, both values show a decreased. It can be concluded that as the amount of resistor increases, the voltage drop across the resistor also increases, it is shown in the graph resistor number against voltage drop above. In procedure C, each lamp is fed by a separate feeder connected to the supply. Referring to table 5, when the amount of loads/lamps increase, the voltage across each lamp decreases. However, the voltage drop in each lamp increases corresponding to the amount of loads applied in the procedure.A principle known as Kirchhoff's circuit laws states that in any circuit, the sum of the voltage drops across each component of the circuit is equal to the supply voltage. Con clusion: As conclusion, the principles of the commonly used radial system for low voltage distribution networks is demonstrated. Experiment 2: Ring Distribution System Introduction This is commonly used in urban areas with high housing density. In such system, LV cables from neighbouring distribution substations are either looped together or are terminated very close to one another where an interconnection of cables can be made.This system is normally used when a high degree of reliability of load supply is required and back up substations are made available. Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram for a ring distribution network. Figure 7: Ring Distribution Network Objective To demonstrate the principles of ring distribution systems as used in low voltage networks. Schematic Diagrams: Figure 6: Schematic diagram for Experiment 3 Procedure A Figure 7: Schematic diagram for Experiment 3 Procedure B Results for Procedure A: Lamp Number| Voltage| 1| 26V| 2| 24V| | 22V| 4| 24V| 5| 26V| 6| 30 V| Table 7: Lamp voltages Results for Procedure B: CircuitNumber| Lamp| Feeder| | Measured Voltage| Measured Current| Voltage Drop| 1| 26. 0V| 0. 025A| 4V| 2| 24. 0V| 0. 026A| 6V| 3| 23. 0V| 0. 025A| 7V| 4| 23. 5V| 0. 026A| 6V| 5| 26. 0V| 0. 025A| 4V| 6| 30. 0V| 0. 023A| 0V| Table 8: Voltage and Current Measurements Discussion: The ring circuit acts like two radial circuits proceeding in opposite directions around the ring, the dividing point between them dependent on the distribution of load in the ring.If the load is evenly split across the two directions, the current in each direction is half of the total, allowing the use of wire with half the current-carrying capacity. In procedure A, as the number of load increases, the voltage across lamp increases. The lamp voltage wit the corresponding value obtained in the experiment showed that as the number of load increases, the brightness of the lamp increases. There are differences between lamp voltage for ring distribution system and lamp voltage for radial distribution. The lamp voltage for radial distribution and ring distribution increases as the number of load increases.For procedure B, the comparisons can be made between radial and ring distribution systems. A radial system has only one power source. The lamp voltage for radial system decreased as the load/resistance increased while the lamp voltage for ring system increased as the load/resistance increased. Ring system is more expensive to install as it takes double the cable (but not double the installation time) but it is far superior in performance, as the current to any one socket/outlet has 2 parallel paths to take, so the cable is under less load.Also if one leg of the ring fails open (loose terminal in a socket/outlet) then the remaining leg still safely provides current. Radial circuits are adequate for lighting, as it is a low load, but sockets/outlets are best fed from a ring system. Hence, it can be concluded that ring distribution system offer ed a higher voltage load and lower feeder voltage drop. Conclusion: The objective was achieved. The principles of ring distribution systems as used in low voltage networks is demonstrated. Example Report BEE3133 Electrical Power Systems Distribution System: Radial and Ring Distribution Laboratory 1 Fathimah binti Abdul Halim EA09089 Faculty of Electric and Electrical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Email: [email  protected] com Introduction Generally, distribution system is part of power systems which distributes power to the consumers for utilization. That distribution system is the electrical system between the sub-station fed by the transmission system and the consumer meters. The distribution systems consist of feeders, distributors and service mains.A feeder is a conductor which connects the sub-station (or localised generating station) to the area where power is to be distributed. Basically no tappings are taken from the feeder so that current in it remains the same throughout. A distributor is a conductor from which tappings are taken for supply to the consumers. The current through a distributor is not constant because tappings are taken at various places along its l ength. A service main is generally a small cable which connects the distributor to the consumer’s terminals. In practice, the radial system and ring main system are used. Experiment 1: Radial Distribution SystemIntroduction Electricity suppliers normally use radial distribution in rural areas where the load is randomly distributed, separated by areas with little or no habitation, and back up supplies are normally not available. The length of feeder is typically limited to 500m or less. In the radial distribution system, feeders supplying the consumers are all fed from a central point (the substation) as shown in Figure 1. There is no looping of the feeders. Figure 1: Radial System of Feeders Objective To demonstrate the principles of the commonly used radial system for low voltage distribution networks. Schematic Diagrams:Figure 2: Schematic diagram for Experiment 1 Procedure A Figure 3: Schematic Diagram for Experiment 1 Procedure B Figure 4: Schematic Diagram for Experiment 1 Procedure C Results for Procedure A: Table 1: Lamp Voltages Load| Voltage| Lamp 1| 23. 0V| Lamp 2| 18. 0V| Lamp 3| 14. 0V| Lamp 4| 11. 0V| Lamp 5| 9. 0V| Lamp 6| 8. 0V| Results for Procedure B: Table 2: Results for Procedure B Circuit Number| Lamp| Feeder| | Measured Voltage| Measured Current| Voltage Drop| 1| 22. 0V| 0. 048A| 6. 0V| 2| 17. 0v| 0. 055A| 12. 0V| 3| 13. 0V| 0. 060A| 15. 0V| 4| 10. 0V| 0. 062A| 18. 0V| 5| 9. 0V| 0. 061A| 20. 0V| 6| 8. 0V| 0. 060A| 21. 0V|Table 3: Calculated and Measured Resistor Currents and Voltages Resistor Number| Calculated Current| Calculated Voltage Drop| Measured Voltage Drop| Error| 1| 0. 846A| 8. 0V| 6. 0V| 25. 00%| 2| 0. 654A| 13. 0V| 12. 0V| 7. 69%| 3| 0. 500A| 17. 0V| 15. 0V| 11. 76%| 4| 0. 385A| 20. 0V| 18. 0V| 10. 00%| 5| 0. 346A| 21. 0V| 20. 0V| 4. 76%| 6| 0. 308A| 22. 0V| 21. 0V| 4. 55%| Table 4: Lamp Voltages Lamp number| Calculated voltage| Measured voltage| Error| 1| 22. 00V| 22. 0V| 0%| 2| 17. 00V| 17. 0V| 0%| 3| 13. 00V| 13. 0V| 0%| 4| 10. 01V| 10. 0V| 0. 10%| 5| 9. 00V| 9. 0V| 0%| 6| 8. 01V| 8. 0V| 0. 12%| Results for Procedure C:Table 5: Separate Feeders CircuitNumber| Lamp| Feeder| | Measured Voltage| Measured Current| Voltage Drop| 1| 28. 0V| 0. 067A| 1. 0V| 2| 26. 0V| 0. 066A| 3. 0V| 3| 25. 0V| 0. 061A| 4. 0V| 4| 24. 0V| 0. 061A| 6. 0V| 5| 22. 0V| 0. 059A| 7. 0V| 6| 21. 0V| 0. 057A| 8. 0V| Discussion: The voltage across each lamp in procedure A, decreased as well as the brightness of the lamps due to the increase in the distance of the lamps from power supply. As the current passes through a longer distance, more the value of voltage is â€Å"lost† (unavailable to the load), due to the voltage drop developed across the resistance of the conductor.In the procedure B, value of current, voltage and voltage drop are calculated and measured. The kirchoff’s Law is used to calculate the value of calculated current. In table 3, the values of calculated and measured voltage for voltage drop are d ifferent from one another since the value of measured voltage drop and calculated voltage drop increased as the distance of the lamps from power supply increased. In table 4, the values of measured and calculated voltage are not much difference from each other.When the distance of the lamps from source increased, both values show a decreased. It can be concluded that as the amount of resistor increases, the voltage drop across the resistor also increases, it is shown in the graph resistor number against voltage drop above. In procedure C, each lamp is fed by a separate feeder connected to the supply. Referring to table 5, when the amount of loads/lamps increase, the voltage across each lamp decreases. However, the voltage drop in each lamp increases corresponding to the amount of loads applied in the procedure.A principle known as Kirchhoff's circuit laws states that in any circuit, the sum of the voltage drops across each component of the circuit is equal to the supply voltage. Con clusion: As conclusion, the principles of the commonly used radial system for low voltage distribution networks is demonstrated. Experiment 2: Ring Distribution System Introduction This is commonly used in urban areas with high housing density. In such system, LV cables from neighbouring distribution substations are either looped together or are terminated very close to one another where an interconnection of cables can be made.This system is normally used when a high degree of reliability of load supply is required and back up substations are made available. Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram for a ring distribution network. Figure 7: Ring Distribution Network Objective To demonstrate the principles of ring distribution systems as used in low voltage networks. Schematic Diagrams: Figure 6: Schematic diagram for Experiment 3 Procedure A Figure 7: Schematic diagram for Experiment 3 Procedure B Results for Procedure A: Lamp Number| Voltage| 1| 26V| 2| 24V| | 22V| 4| 24V| 5| 26V| 6| 30 V| Table 7: Lamp voltages Results for Procedure B: CircuitNumber| Lamp| Feeder| | Measured Voltage| Measured Current| Voltage Drop| 1| 26. 0V| 0. 025A| 4V| 2| 24. 0V| 0. 026A| 6V| 3| 23. 0V| 0. 025A| 7V| 4| 23. 5V| 0. 026A| 6V| 5| 26. 0V| 0. 025A| 4V| 6| 30. 0V| 0. 023A| 0V| Table 8: Voltage and Current Measurements Discussion: The ring circuit acts like two radial circuits proceeding in opposite directions around the ring, the dividing point between them dependent on the distribution of load in the ring.If the load is evenly split across the two directions, the current in each direction is half of the total, allowing the use of wire with half the current-carrying capacity. In procedure A, as the number of load increases, the voltage across lamp increases. The lamp voltage wit the corresponding value obtained in the experiment showed that as the number of load increases, the brightness of the lamp increases. There are differences between lamp voltage for ring distribution system and lamp voltage for radial distribution. The lamp voltage for radial distribution and ring distribution increases as the number of load increases.For procedure B, the comparisons can be made between radial and ring distribution systems. A radial system has only one power source. The lamp voltage for radial system decreased as the load/resistance increased while the lamp voltage for ring system increased as the load/resistance increased. Ring system is more expensive to install as it takes double the cable (but not double the installation time) but it is far superior in performance, as the current to any one socket/outlet has 2 parallel paths to take, so the cable is under less load.Also if one leg of the ring fails open (loose terminal in a socket/outlet) then the remaining leg still safely provides current. Radial circuits are adequate for lighting, as it is a low load, but sockets/outlets are best fed from a ring system. Hence, it can be concluded that ring distribution system offer ed a higher voltage load and lower feeder voltage drop. Conclusion: The objective was achieved. The principles of ring distribution systems as used in low voltage networks is demonstrated.

Legal Environment of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Legal Environment of Business - Essay Example The court was of the opinion that the equal protection clause does not prohibit use of race in admission decisions to obtain education benefits from diversity. Barbara Grutter, a white Michigan resident, applied to the Law School in 1996 but was denied admission despite having the requisite scores, 3.8 GPA and 161 LSAT score. She filed suit against the Law School, which respondents racially discriminated against her in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment. The district court held that the Law Schools racial considerations were unlawful because the interest in diversity was not compelling and, even if it were, the policy "had not narrowly tailored its use of race to further that interest." Also, the district court granted Grutters requests for relief. The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit vacated the injunction and reversed. The appellate court held that the "use of race was narrowly tailored because race was merely a potential plus factor" and the policy was consistent with Justice Powells opinion in Regents of University of California v. Bakke. The Supreme Court of the United States granted certiorari and affirmed the appellate decision. Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justice Kennedy, Justice Scalia, and Justice Thomas, all dissented with the argument that system at the university was unconstitutional, thinly veiled and against the fourth amendment act. As stated by Chief Justice Rehnquist the percentage of African American applicants closely mirrored the percentage of African American applicants that were accepted. The concern of Powell for individual consideration, which the Court adopted in Grutter’s case, is ironically with an argument against minority preference. Those opposed to minority preference maintain that American society has traditionally been extremely meritocratic, focusing on individual merit and true potential of applicants. Also, since all races must be

Marks and Spencer PLC financial performance- answer 3 questions Essay

Marks and Spencer PLC financial performance- answer 3 questions - Essay Example See Table A below in relation to Appendices A, B, C and A-1. It may be noted that return on equity uses the formula where net profit is divided by the total stockholders’ equity. When compared to an average rate of 0.50% if money was invested in a bank, its average ROE of 35% makes it to more than a seventy times and the rate is something very remarkable to find for investors. The 0.50% is the Bank of England base rate could represent the risk free rate investment in the UK (Housepricecrash, 2011). Aside from profitability, it is also appealing to know whether the company management is efficient. To measure the latter, this paper uses return on assets (ROA). The company’s average ROA of 9% for the last six years was higher than industry average of 1.6%. GAP appeared to have higher average ROA but ROE is more controlling from the point of view of investors (Van Horne, 1992). By comparing the two ratios, it appears that MKS is both profitable and efficient than industry. The understandable profitability and efficiency of the company is further proved by the company’s net operating margin and net profit margin. The resulting average operating margin and average net profit margins for the past six years are 11% and 7% respectively as against the industry averages of 2.02% and 1.13% respectively. Operating margin results after deducting cost of sales or services and operating expenses from gross margin (Helfert, 2001) MKS’s net margin for the latest twelve-month period was posted at 5.7% as against industry average of 0.23%. See Table A. If the rate is compared the operating profit margin, it could be found that net profit margin is lower. This means that MKS needed to spend other expenses to finance some of its borrowing. It further means that MKS is using other people’s money while improving profitability for

Evaluation of usability of e-government services in Saudi Arabia Article

Evaluation of usability of e-government services in Saudi Arabia - Article Example Therefore, usability facilitates an avenue for relationship development since it creates a participatory form of governance (Reddick 2010, 484). Abanumy, Al-Badi & Mayhew (2005) in their study on evaluation of Saudi Arabia and Oman e-government websites accessibility examined accessibility guidelines, evaluation methods, and analysis tools. They together with Al-Wabil and Al-khalifa (n. d) in their study on a framework for integrating usability evaluation methods suggested that websites need considerable improvements to be accessible to all users. Andersen, Gronlund, Engers, and others (2011) in their work found out that broken links and poor designs are among many effects on poor usability of e-government (125). These have been leading to lower usage on websites hence reducing interaction. Reduced interaction has been witnessed to affect online business transactions which need redesigning if service delivery potential clients both locally and internationally has to be achieved (Gokmen 2010). A study by Katre (2007) on identifying available opportunities for further improvement explains the inadequate coverage of fundamental issues like user-centered design. This was well covered by the comparison done by Miguel, Pedrero and Teran (n. d) on advances in e-government usability in Spanish and Bolivian e-observatory initiative. They suggested that updated profile would be a good step towards establishing user problems on usability. This opinion backs up Al-Khalifa’s (2010, 238) opinion in hers heuristic evaluation of usability of e-government websites in Saudi Arabia. The study ascertained that among many usability problems, user satisfaction need to be tested since poor quality websites is directly proportional to bad usability. Eidaroos, Probets and Deanley (n. d) study on two Saudi Arabia websites and Aladwani & Palvia (2010) study on instruments for measuring usability